Rate在论文中出现的频次也比较高，其常指“速度”（a quantity measured with respect to another measured quantity, e.g. a rate of speed of 60 km an hour），“比率”（a measure of a part with respect to a whole; a proportion, e.g. the mortality rate, a tax rate）等，例如，“Palagonite at Surtsey grew at a rate of 2.8 um/y at 100°C and even at this faster growth rate, approximately 1800 y would be required for a 1 cm crack to fill with palagonite.”
在表示“比率”时，rate所涉及的两个items一般分别是部分和整体，也就是说，这里的rate是部分与整体的“比率”，例如，“According to the sixth national population census conducted on 1 November 2010, China's population growth rate was only 0.47%, ranking 159th in the world. ”
从下面几则例句我们可看出rate在各种实际场合的灵活应用。
★This result is reasonably consistent with the growth rates measured by Decarreau et al. (1987)
★This movement was subsequently recovered and the comparison is recovered also until January 2008, where the measured displacement rate increased, whereas the calculated rate remains constant.
★Assuming this growth rate can be extrapolated meaningfully,…..
★The present study couples experimental and analytical data with field observations in an attempt to constrain the rate and temperature of formation of naturally occurring nontronites from Columbia River Basalt flows.
★A comparison of experimental and field timescales with other estimates of nontronite growth rates suggests that natural nontronite crystallization in the region must have occurred at ambient, near-surface temperatures over timescales of up to millions of years.
★Jakobsson and Moore (1986) found that at 100°C palagonite formed a rim on basaltic glass at a rate of 2.8 um/y, and that this rate doubled with every 12°C increase in temperature. At temperatures＞120°C, nontronite formed a rim on olivine crystals at a rate of 0.3 um/y; this rate doubled with every 8°C increase, but nontronite growth was not observed at lower temperatures. This growth rate is faster than the rates measured experimentally by Decarreau et al. (1987), but drops more rapidly with temperature.
★Comparisons of statistical methods previously used to model landslide hazards concluded that logistic regression results in the lowest rate of error.
