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Using 之巧用

 

    在学科服务工作中,笔者似乎也与using结下了不解之缘 --- 几乎是天天见,因为每篇英文论文中总是少不了几个using,所以,using“身材”虽小,但在文章中发挥着非常重要作用。

    例如,如果在“The mine extracted coal at a depth of approximately 350 m, where a longwall method was applied”中用上using,这个句子可改成“Coal was extracted using a longwall method at a depth of approximately 350 m或The mine was using a longwall method to extract coal at a depth of approximately 350 m”。 不难看出,含有using的句子更凝练了;同样,“All data used were converted from their original map projection into decimal degrees, using the Geospatial Data Abstraction Library software”比“All data used were converted from their original map projection into decimal degrees, which the Geospatial Data Abstraction Library software was adopted”更漂亮了。下面11则实例进一步彰显了using之巧用。

 

The failure envelopes of CO2-saturated coal were predicated using the proposed strength reduction model.

★Recent developments in instrumentation mean that the analysis of drill cores can be performed rapidly, at millimeter to sub-millimeter scales, using one of several automated, laboratory-based, core-scanning energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) spectrometer systems.

★A number of different coal samples were cross-analyzed in the companion study using a variety of techniques.

★Analysis of the site using limit equilibrium methods revealed that an influential factor in the future movement of the slip was the elevated pore water pressures observed along the failure plane.

★However, detailed analysis of the effect of rainfall patterns on the magnitude of pore pressures acting along the failure surface was not possible using these methods.

The aim of this paper is to describe how coupled hydro-mechanical modeling of the site, using local rainfall records, was able to shed light on the movement trends of this landslip.

using EXAFS and XANES spectroscopy, Baker et al. (2010) showed that this can be achieved for low-Fe natural soil clays.

★To test the hypothesis that Fe in the natural samples is a combination of substituted and surface-sorbed Fe, the XANES spectrum of natural allophane was analyzed using linear combination fitting (LCF).

★The spectrum was modeled as a linear combination using synthetic Fe-substituted 2:1 allophane, synthetic Fe-sorbed allophane, and ferrihydrite as possible components.

★Samples were analyzed using Fe K-edge X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XAFS).

★To study nontronite formation and properties, the mineral has been synthesized in the laboratory using various methods.