Characterization and quantification of path dependency in landslide susceptibility
滑坡易发性路径依赖特征与量化
Geomorphology, Volume 292, 1 September 2017, Pages 16-24
Jalal Samia, Arnaud Temme, Arnold Bregt, Jakob Wallinga, Fausto Guzzetti, Francesca Ardizzone, Mauro Rossi
Abstract:Landslides cause major environmental damage, economic losses and casualties. Although susceptibility to landsliding is usually considered an exclusively location-specific phenomenon, indications exist that landslide history co-determines susceptibility to future landslides. In this contribution, we quantified the role of landslide path dependency (the effect of landslides on landslides) using a multi-temporal landslide inventory from Italy. The fraction of landslides following earlier landslides in the same location exhibited an exponential decay, with susceptibility increasing 15-fold right after an initial landslide, and returning to pre-landslide values after about 25 years. We investigated the role of the geometry and location of a previous landslide for the occurrence of follow-up landslides. Larger landslides are more likely to cause follow-up landslides. Also landslide shape, topographic wetness index, the vertical distance to the nearest channel network, the absolute profile curvature and relative slope position of an earlier landslide, however, are important in predicting whether a follow-up landslide occurs. Combined in a binary logistic model, these attributes correctly predict 60% of times whether a landslide will be followed-up. These findings open the way for time-variant mapping of susceptibility to landslides, by including the effect of the spatio-temporal history of landsliding on susceptibility.
A 3D model for rain-induced landslides based on molecular dynamics with fractal and fractional water diffusion
基于分子动力学及分形与分数水扩散方程的降雨型滑坡3D模型
Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, Volume 50, September 2017, Pages 311-329
Gianluca Martelloni, Franco Bagnoli, Alessio Guarino
Abstract:We present a three-dimensional model of rain-induced landslides, based on cohesive spherical particles. The rainwater infiltration into the soil follows either the fractional or the fractal diffusion equations. We analytically solve the fractal partial differential equation (PDE) for diffusion with particular boundary conditions to simulate a rainfall event. We developed a numerical integration scheme for the PDE, compared with the analytical solution. We adapt the fractal diffusion equation obtaining the gravimetric water content that we use as input of a triggering scheme based on Mohr-Coulomb limit-equilibrium criterion. This triggering is then complemented by a standard molecular dynamics algorithm, with an interaction force inspired by the Lennard–Jones potential, to update the positions and velocities of particles. We present our results for homogeneous and heterogeneous systems, i.e., systems composed by particles with same or different radius, respectively. Interestingly, in the heterogeneous case, we observe segregation effects due to the different volume of the particles. Finally, we analyze the parameter sensibility both for the triggering and the propagation phases. Our simulations confirm the results of a previous two-dimensional model and therefore the feasible applicability to real cases.
A spatio-temporal landslide inventory for the NW of Spain: BAPA database
西班牙西北地区滑坡时空分布：BAPA数据库
Geomorphology, Volume 293, Part A, 15 September 2017, Pages 11-23
Pablo Valenzuela, María José Domínguez-Cuesta, Manuel Antonio Mora García, Montserrat Jiménez-Sánchez
Abstract:A landslide database has been created for the Principality of Asturias, NW Spain: the BAPA (Base de datos de Argayos del Principado de Asturias – Principality of Asturias Landslide Database). Data collection is mainly performed through searching local newspaper archives. Moreover, a BAPA App and a BAPA website (http://geol.uniovi.es/BAPA) have been developed to obtain additional information from citizens and institutions. Presently, the dataset covers the period 1980–2015, recording 2063 individual landslides. The use of free cartographic servers, such as Google Maps, Google Street View and Iberpix (Government of Spain), combined with the spatial descriptions and pictures contained in the press news, makes it possible to assess different levels of spatial accuracy. In the database, 59% of the records show an exact spatial location, and 51% of the records provided accurate dates, showing the usefulness of press archives as temporal records. Thus, 32% of the landslides show the highest spatial and temporal accuracy levels. The database also gathers information about the type and characteristics of the landslides, the triggering factors and the damage and costs caused. Field work was conducted to validate the methodology used in assessing the spatial location, temporal occurrence and characteristics of the landslides.
